Dealing With Asthma

Dealing With Asthma

What is Asthma about?

Probably you have seen/felt a repeated and persistent shortness of breath together with a whistling sound coming out from the chest, and this happen especially when doing some physical activity and/or during the night.  These signs could be indicators for a visit to the healthcare provider since you may be witnessing/having an asthma episode. Dealing with Asthma may be a long term commitment that required the expertise of a specialized health care provider, but especially one should be inform of the details of this condition in order to take actions that can prevent the uncomfortable Asthma episodes.

Asthma is a chronic (long lasting) respiratory disease very common in children and according to the World Health Organization (WHO) this condition affects 235 million people worldwide regardless the level of development of the countries.

Where does the Asthma come from?

Asthma nowadays still remain as an “idiopathic disease”, which means its causes are not completely clear, but until now innate and acquired causes has been described:

• It refers to something has been existing from the time the person was born due to the parents or previous generation within the family have passed this “anomalous information” through their genes to the personthat is actually affected.
• Any kinds of aerial substance (e.g., dust, strong smells, smoke, animal dander, pollution, pollen) coming from the environment that irritates the airways are called “allergens”, these allergens activate the immune system and this in turn produce histamine thus causing an inflammatory reaction that swell the tissues and narrow the airways thus affecting the normal air flow through the lungs thereby provoking the Asthma episode. 

Preventing Asthma episodes

Despite all the inconvenient and setbacks this condition represent for those affected, it is possible to deal with it and to live as normal as possible. Here some advices to control this condition:

• Talk to your healthcare provider.This is the first step to consider since with the expertise of a specialized health care providerwho will evaluate your Asthma condition will determine what treatment and life style may be the most convenient for you, this is a priority decision to consider in order to control this condition by following an expert’s advice.
• Do exercise. It is well known that physical activity may provoke an Asthma episode, but these are the called long period exercise (e.g., running short distance marathons, football, basketball), however by using your “pre-exercise medicine” prescribed by your doctor and doing short distance and non-intensive exercise (swimming, walking, yoga, stretching, biking) will improve your condition and prevent the episodes.Doing aerobic and non-intensive exercise will help you to oxygen all the lungs areas which improve the air flow in the airways, and not even mention all the benefits from losing weight or keep you fit.
• Eat properly. Connection between diet and asthma isclearly defined, however the obesity has been associated with more severe asthma episodes, as well as some food that may provoke you allergy attackscould detonate an asthma episode as well.
• Avoid stress. Any tense situation (anxiety, stress, fear) that could interfere in a proper way to breathe in and out will not allow to oxygen your lungs properly which may lead you to repetitive asthma episodes.
• Smoking? Forget it! First, second or third hand smoke should be avoid it, since smoke irritates the airways and may detonate asthma episodes.Not everyone around may be aware of your condition thus while dealing with asthmaplaces where you may be exposed to this should be totally avoided.

Asthma Drug Treatment

Nowadays short and long-term pharmacological treatment is available for those with asthma, such treatments are determine for the health care provider once each individual have been evaluated and the condition has been known. But as you have read before, the life style and measures that one decide to take may have a great impact in the success of this journey.

There’s Hope

Although a lot remains unclear when decoding the real causes of this asthma disease, but much is already known about how it works and therefore it is a great benefit to apply these knowledge in order to live as free as possible when having this condition.

Always to Remember!

• Talk to your Doctor as soon as possible.
• Do aerobic-short distances exercise.
• Eat healthy.
• No stress.
• Do not smoke.

Dealing with Asthma is Possible

Asthma is a long-term condition to live with, it affects millions of people around the world regardless social conditions, the causes still are unknown although genetic and environmental causes are assigned to it which means from genes to aeroallergens (particles in the air) may trigger the episodes. Despite these facts all is not lost when fighting this disease, environmental conditions can be controlled with professional help and doing your part, this may take some effort but definitely it will help a lot the drug treatment your doctor has decided is the best. 

Human Resource Challenges

Human Resource Challenges

THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHAMPTON
NORTHAMPTON BUSINESS SCHOOL
MODULE: HRM 3007 - Strategic HRM 2015-2016

Module Code	Level	Credit Value	Module Tutor
HRM3007	6	100	Kevin Lamb

Assignment Brief

There are two choices.
Question 1 is about Individual Performance Related Pay
Assignment title:	and its links to motivation.
Question 2 is about Human Resource Challenges in a
specific country.
Weighting:	50%
Deadline:		January 28th 2016
Feedback and
Grades due:	February 25th 2016
Resit Date	Date to be Confirmed

Continued below

Purpose Of The Assessment

[caption id="attachment_14793" align="alignleft" width="396"] Students studying in the cafe of Scandling Center.[/caption]

The purpose of this assignment is to test your level of knowledge and understanding of specific Human Resource issues and research findings and your ability to use these in producing a well written and persuasive essay.

Assessment Task

Your task is to complete sufficient reading and any other independent research in order to produce a good quality essay solely focused on one of the 2 the questions below:

Question 1

Drawing on published research, critically evaluate the extent to which individual performance related pay can stimulate higher levels of performance from employees.

Ensure that in answering this question you take account of contextual issues such as those concerning the type of occupation and individual differences etc.

Question 2

Part A. Identify and explain the main Human Resource challenges facing organisations in any country of your choice.

Part B. Select any 2 of these challenges and analyse the HR practices and strategies that organisations could or are following to overcome and tackle them.

You must choose one of the above 2 questions.

You must write an essay (not a report) but may use sub headings if you wish.

Word length: The essay must be approximately 2,500 words in length, not including any appendices. You can exceed the word count above by up to 10%.

Please read the assessment criteria below carefully before you begin the reading for your essay to help you do well.

Assessment Breakdown

(a)Presentation, grammar, writing style, use of correct

referencing methods.

15%

(b)Use made of relevant academic literature and

research to support views.

25%

(c)Level of critical analysis / demonstration of subject

knowledge.

40%

(d)Focus on the question and development of logical

arguments and conclusions.

20%

Assessment Submission

To submit your work, please go to the ‘Submit your work’ area of the Module NILE site. It is important that you submit your work to the correct module NILE site, and that your work is submitted on time.

Assessment Guidance

It is expected that in order to attain a good grade you will devote between 20 – 30 hours of reading to this assignment before writing the final essay.

It is also expected that in completing Question 1 a minimum of 15 references will be used and that a minimum of 10 will be used for question 2. Question 1 asks you to use ‘published research’ which means research done by others such as journal articles. Text books may be used for part of this question but you will also need to find, read and use journal articles for Question 1 otherwise you will not meet the pass criteria for using published research. The reference numbers above are a minimum.

Use of journal articles for Question 2 is also expected but not totally essential if, and only if, you manage to find and use a range of other good sources. For this question you will need to find and read a good number of reputable sources from and about the country you are focusing on. Make sure you write about organisations in general

not any specific organisation, although you can devote a small number of words to specific organisations as examples if you want.

Academic Practice

This is an individual assignment. The University of Northampton policy will apply in all cases of copying, plagiarism or any other methods by which students have obtained (or attempted to obtain) an unfair advantage.

Support and guidance on assessments and academic integrity can be found from the following resources

SkillsHub: http://skillshub.northampton.ac.uk

CfAP: http://tinyurl.com/UoNCfAP

Learning Outcomes

The learning outcomes being addressed through this assignment are:

Question 1 and Question 2 both have direct and indirect relevance to the learning outcomes below:

Knowledge and Understanding

• Understand, examine and assess the main drivers, enablers, barriers and blockages in relation to the development and implementation of different HR strategies
• Critically evaluate the significance of different human resource policies, processes and practices for the particular contexts in which organisations may operate and analyse the major factors involved in their design.
• Analyse the main factors governing relationships between line managers and human resource/personnel managers and devise strategies to enhance such relationships.
• Evaluate management actions in the treatment of employees in terms of 'ethical',’ legal’ and 'managerial' criteria.

Subject-specific Skills

Design and tailor HR policies and strategies to 'fit' particular organisational contexts.

Key Skills

Learning to Learn

Develop an awareness of one’s own strengths and weaknesses in analysing material and formulating logical and coherent proposals.

Communication Skills

 Communicate effectively to an acceptable and appropriate standard in terms of written communication.

Self-Management

Undertake and complete individual study activities to an appropriate standard within a set timescale.

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen

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A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen

Compare and contrast the protagonist of the play with the antagonist . Be sure to point out similarities and differences – Nora Helmer and Nils Krogstad

A Doll’s House, written by Henrik Ibsen, is a third act play, which was performed in the Royal Theatre, in Copenhagen, Denmark on December 21, 1879. It was published few days before it was performed on stage. The play is a rebel against the norms of marriage that were prevalent in the 19th Century. The protagonist Nora, in the end leaves her husband and children to re-discover herself. The story begins with Torvald Helmer getting a new job as a manager of a bank. Both he and his wife Nora seem very happy because they no more need to worry about money. Nora’s school friends Christine and Linde visit their place. Christine is a widow and also lost her job. Nora promise to talk to her husband about getting her a job. Then she confesses her friend about her debt that she has kept as a secret from her husband. She loaned an amount to help her husband recover soon from an illness. She took her to Italy for this. Nills Krogstad, a junior employee suddenly comes to her place and wants her to persuade Torvald so that he does not terminate Krogstad from his job. Otherwise he will reveal her secret to her husband. Finally, Trovals comes to know about Nora’s secret from a letter that was planted by Krogstad in his mail box. Torvald forgives Nora, for the sake of his own reputation ignoring her contribution in their relation. Hence, Nora leaves him to discover herself.

Nora Helmer is the protagonist of the play, who lives a luxurious life. In her early life, she was babied by her father. Moreover, post-marriage, her husband Torvald Helmer deals her with quite an indulgence. He refers to Nora like a thing, a plaything, or a “doll”. He addresses her as “…my little [twittering] lark…”(424), and “…poor little girl”(427). From the opening of the play, she is found to have a tendency of doing things that her husband does not like. She forges her father’s sign to get a loan, which she kept as a secret from her husband. She constantly lies her husband to maintain the secret.  Similarly, Nils Krogstad, the antagonist of the play, is also called the Norwegian Machiavelli, is on the verge of being terminated from the bank he works in for forgery.

Both Nora and Krogstad keep on applying undue means to serve their individual purposes. Nora’s continuous effort to keep up her secret by lying her husband and Krogstad’s art of blackmailing and threatening Nora to persuade her husband look quite similar. Nora constantly tries to sway Torvald. She says that Krogstad might cause publish things against him. Perhaps she fails to take him in her grip. Krogstad, too could not successfully take Torvald into confidence, though indirectly using Nora. Both these characters are ambitious, Nora wants to identify herself in the end and Krogstad wants to be higher in position

“I want to get into the Bank again, in a higher position. […] Within a year […] It will be Nils Krogstad and not Torvald Helmer who manages the Bank.” (2.83-2.285)

However, both do not know where they stand, and how they must achieve their goals. They are easily lured by the unjustified means, which brings success sooner. Both of them, being frustrated with the society and family, try to commit suicide, but did not have courage to act on it.

There is yet a difference in the characters. Nora does everything against her husband for her own pleasure. Towards the opening,

“She is laughing to herself, as she takes off her hat and coat. She takes a pocket of macaroons from her pocket and eats one or two; then goes cautiously to her husband’s door and listens” (424).

This proves that she does things that her husband does not like, at his back, only to satisfy her desires. Nevertheless, Krogstad’s actual aim is not evil. He solely wants to secure his job and reestablish his esteem in the society. Only after denial from the community, he gave up to blackmailing and money-lending.

He says Nora, “I want to rehabilitate myself” (2.83).

Ibsen was influenced by the notion that because this is “an exclusively male society, with laws made by men and with prosecutors and judges who assess feminine conduct from a masculine standpoint”, “a woman cannot be herself in modern society”. Michael Meyer says that the theme of the play is “the need of every individual to find out the kind of person he or she really is and to strive to become that person”. Hence, Krogstad re-discovers himself with the love of Christine and in the end, Nora leaves her family to live the life she wants and be the person of his desire. She says Torvald that to be a good mother and a wife, she ought to learn herself that she is something more than a plaything. She goes away to discover her true self.