DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

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February 24, 2017

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DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Table of Content:

Task 1:	2
Task 3:	4
(refer to PPT)	4
References	5

Task 1:

1. What is the software architectural style of system of Bit torrent?

Answer

BitTorrent is used to communicate protocol that is off peer to Peer file sharing.  The data of Big torrent are used to distribute files over the internet. Though the protocol that BitTorrent generally seeds are under development as there are many areas to improve and enhance other services. The service on which Bit Torrent works is described below:

Figure: System Architecture

(Source:carlsen, 2016)

BitTorrent is focused on the file transfer protocol, a standard Network protocol is used for transferring the files from one host to the other host over the TCP layer. It is built on a client and server architecture and it can fail if there is Overload, and the server is down for any reason [1].

The components of BitTorrent system are:

Metainfo file

Data

Peer

Tracker

Client

The metainfo file holds all the information about the torrent, it is joined with a .torrent extension.

There are Metainfo, announce, data creation, comment keys in metadata info. This Encoding scheme is mostly used by Bancoding. The tracker is responsible for managing the participation of Torrent, this is basically a HTTP service based on the port 6969, and the peer requests the tracker to join it with other peers that has the required pieces.

The working principle:

The HTTP GET message from a peer to peer tracker and it contains the info_hash, peer_id, uploaded, downloaded, left, port parameter. The response message from the tracker includes interval, tracker_id, peer etc. Data querying takes place from the scraping and then the tracker responds to the scrape page. Peer performs a handshake function in order to start the communication, in the next step handshaking using the BitTorrent Protocol, the peer’s starts delivering message to one another [2]. Once the complete file is downloaded the executable program runs on the user’s machine there is coordination in between OS platforms for reading and writing operations. If the peers are in between the same client, perform the operation can faster.

The seeder generates a torrent and uploads the .torrent file to the server. Then the seeder notifies the tracker, in the next step a leecher downloads the torrent from the web server. The leecher the n connects tracker that is specified in the .torrent file[3] then the leecher connects the peers in order to retrieve the pieces of the files. Whenever there is joining in the BitTorrent network and it is to begin downloading files the tracker computer starts working. The tracker computer is a server and it maintains the list of nodes that are participating in the system. After a computer has established a connection to one of the node, the data downloading starts automatically, the trackers are basically the servers those who are known as active, these are collaborative nodes that are responsible for providing requested chunks. Each of the node may not have a complete copy of the data these are known as leechers, though these leechers will share portion’ that are in the system. Each of the node is based on the equal peer it is a requirement that the nodes upload data with the part of the network. A BitTorrent system must be based on at least one seeder [4]. This must hold a complete copy of the data that are being shared. It may happen that the seeder may leave the system, but it is necessary to have a complete copy that is available for the system.

Web seeding technology is the main ability of BitTorrent clients to download the Torrent pieces from the HTTP sources. The advantage of this feature is that a website can use the distributed torrent for a batch of file or for a particular file.

BitTorrent is a Hybrid network, it is developed for building the client-server architecture and peer to peer architecture. BitTorrent is a half and half system utilizing both the customer server design and the peer to peer design. The brought together server is known as the tracker. The tracker’s obligation is to help peers find different companions. A tracker comprises of numerous deluge sessions with every session it keeps track of the majority of the companions taking part in the specific downpour. The companion contacts the tracker and the tracker reacts with a rundown of associates it might interface with. The tracker is not in charge of the genuine circulation of the substance by any stretch of the imagination. The transmission capacity of the tracker is low since it is a straightforward convention, which peers just associate with when they start up and at characterized time interims of  typically 30 minutes.

Task 3:

(refer to PPT)

References

[1]G. Fedak, H. He and F. Cappello, “BitDew: A data management and distribution service with multi-protocol file transfer and metadata abstraction”, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 961-975, 2009.

[2]J. Ju and K. Baker, “Implementing a file transfer protocol between PDP11 and prime 550 computers”, Softw: Pract. Exper., vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 1009-1019, 1984.

[3]M. Krishna, P. Jamwal, K. Chaitanya and B. Kumar, “Secure File Multi Transfer Protocol Design”,JSEA, vol. 04, no. 05, pp. 311-315, 2011.

[4]J. Zhang, Z. Zhao and H. Jiang, “The Design of File Transfer Protocol Based on R²UDP in Digital Radio Narrowband System”, AMR, vol. 926-930, pp. 2598-2601, 2014.

[5]S. Dittmeier, N. Berger, A. Schöning, H. Soltveit and D. Wiedner, “60 GHz wireless data transfer for tracker readout systems—first studies and results”, J. Inst., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. C11002-C11002, 2014.

[6]L. Carlsen, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://web.cs.ucla.edu/classes/cs217/05BitTorrent.pdf. [Accessed: 08- Aug- 2016].

Benn and Jerry Conversation Assignment

This is a solution of Benn and Jerry Conversation Assignment in which we discuss conversation between benn and jerry.

Question 1:

Smith v Anderson (1880) defines partnership as the relation between two persons while carrying out a business in common with a view of profit and to continue business combined for some joint object.If the partner i.e. Ben acts within the actual and ostensible authority, then Jerry will be bound by Ben’s actions. As can be seen in the scenario that the contract applied restriction upon the authority of Ben to bind any contract for the company to not to be involved into any purchases above $1,000. OfficeJerks may or may not refuse the money to return as Jerry claimed depending on the test applied to check whether Ben & Jerry’s company is liable for actions of Ben. The firm is liable to OfficeJerks if the transaction was within the scope of business carried out by the firm, transaction was effected in usual way, the outsider wasn’t known or suspected that Ben was exceeding his authority and OfficeJerks believed Ben to be a partner. If after applying the test, it is found that company is bound by the purchase contract, Ben remains liable to Jerry for having breached the partnership agreement by exceeding his actual authority. Hence, Jerry is entitled to elect either to seek indemnity from Ben or to ratify Ben’s action and adopt the partnership contract. In this whole scenario OfficeJerks can claim to be unknown with the restrictions imposed on Ben for purchasing and choose not to refund the money to Jerry. Ben can be held responsible for breach of contract by Jerry. Applying the facts of Construction Engineering (Australia) Pty Ltd v Hexyl Pty Ltd (1985), it can be concluded that Jerry holds no liability towards OfficeJerks and is not a party to the purchase contract.

Question 2:

Australian Security and Investments Commission has defined that a company has a distinct legal existence separated from its owners, managers, operators, employees and agents(Corporations Act, 2001). The members of a limited company are not liable for the company’s debts. However, directors may also be held personally liable in certain circumstances. According to Commonwealth Law 1.5.1 the directors of the company can be held liable for the debts that are incurred by the company at a time when the company fails or is unable to pay the debts that fall due. This is because of the fundamental duties of director to cease trading when the company is insolvent. Section 1.3 of Corporations Act (2001) also elaborates that the director of the company may be held liable to compensate the company for any losses incurred due to the breach of director’s duties and can also be subjected to a civil penalty. In case of property of business bought on trust, the director may also be held liable incurred by the company as a trustee. Duties described under the Corporations Act (2001)administered by ASIC holds directors liable for breaches of other laws administered by other agencies for example directors may be held responsible for certain outstanding tax obligations of the company under ATO’s director penalty regime.

Question 3:

The Corporation Act 2001 (administered by ASIC) classifies corporations according to the methods by which the liability of member is determined. The company limited by shares is the company whose capital is divided into shares and members of which are only liable to pay to the company the amount which is not paid on their shares. The company limited by shares are needed to add “limited” or “Ltd” at the end of company’s name. These companies can either be public (in which shareholders consider themselves as potential investor) or propriety (in which a there is a close relationship between shareholders and the directors).

The company limited by guarantee has no power to issue shares and does not have a share capital. Australian history is plagued by the companies limited by guarantee(Tomasic, Bottomley, & McQueen, 2002). Under company limited by guarantee, partners undertake that if the company anyhow dissolves or wound up then they will contribute a specified amount to the property of the company. Members of the company may be held liable in case of company wounding up and unable to meet up the liabilities and obligations(Tomasic, Bottomley, & McQueen, 2002). The primary source of fund in companies limited by guarantee are from outside investors because there is no share capital. ASIC requires the company limited by guarantee to include “Ltd” or “limited” at the end of the company’s name(Tomasic, Bottomley, & McQueen, 2002).

Question 4:

1. The aim of small business guide is to help small business directors to comply with their obligations. The guide also sets out the definitions of directors, key responsibilities of directors, liabilities and obligations of directors, process of becoming a director and the method of resigning as a director(Australian Securities & Investments Commission, 2015). The information about key duties and legal obligations of directors that are set under the Companies Act 2001 is also detailed into small business director’s guide. Although it’s not a complete guide or substitute for professional advice hence relying on this guide alone isn’t recommended.
2. Employee share plan can help in retaining employees and rewarding them for their loyalty.
3. The maximum number of shareholders allowed for a proprietary limited company are 50 non-employee shareholders with at-least one director living in Australia(Australian Security & Investments Commission, 2015).
4. Lookatmoi Holdings needs to add Proprietary or Pty in its name.
5. A proprietary company is small if it satisfies two of the following conditions i.e. consolidated revenue falls less than $25 million, the consolidated gross assets are less than $12.5 million or the company has less than 50 employees at the end of the financial year. The large proprietary company is the one with $25 million consolidated revenue or more, $12.5 million consolidated gross assets or more and more than 50 employees at the end of financial year.
6. Proprietary Company can only raise equity by offering its shares or securities to existing shareholders, its employees and/or certain class of investors(SWAAB Attorneys, 2014).
7. It is beneficial because being proprietary company it has more credibility in market place, easier to attract funds and investment, easier to sell the business or pass it on and the loss is limited to shares of ownership of the partners.(SWAAB Attorneys, 2014)

Question 5:

Every public document issued, signed or published by, or on behalf of, the company must include company letterhead with Australian Registered Body Number in legible characters, its place of origin and the liability of its members(Australian Securities & Investments Commission, 2015).

Question 6:

On basis of the facts of Kelner v Baxter (1866), a company until registered as a corporation lacks legal personality and hence cannot become directly or indirectly a party of the contract. Moreover upon corporation, it cannot ratify the contract and the person who entered into contract is held personally liable on the contract. So Christainis personally liable for the contract entered into with Anastasia. Using facts of Marblestone Industries Ltd v Fairchild (1975), Grey Enterprises Pty Ltd holds no liability towards Anastasia as she was known with the fact that the company is not in existence at the time of making contract.

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Harvard Business School Assignment Help

Harvard Business School Assignment Help

Table of Contents

Assessment 1-The Software Corporation

Role Assigned: Sales Manager, Software Division

In present times managing customer relationships has become has become the single most important element of a firm’s overall strategy and planning (Harvard Business School, “Working Knowledge Publication”). In light of this fact following is the solution to tasks assigned to the recently appointed Sales Manager of The Software Corporation.

Task 1: Review the current objectives and strategic planning

Sales objectives are aimed at directly supporting the marketing strategy and indirectly the overall corporate strategy of an enterprise. Following is an entire review of previous objectives as well as Statement of new objectives in light of this fact:

Following diagram shows briefly the existing objectives which are to be reviewd:

The present sales objective in alignment with the marketing objective is to increase sales and generate more and more prospective customer. However, these objectives can be reformed in order to accelrate the entire sales process and planning.

• Increase the sale of software estimate from current estimation of 7.5% to 12.5% by the end of year 2016.
• Increase the market share in South East Asia from 20% to 30 % by the end of year 2016
• Increase the number of retail outlets by 20% during 2016 covering vital cities in South East Asia.

Strategy:A proactive and robust sales straetegy will be required to meet the above mentioned objectives. Here is a list of key componennets of the newly drafted Strategy to be religiously followed bry the Sales Team:

• Focused Approach:The sales team should first clearly identfity the targeted customer and market segments across locations, both domestic and international. Once this is done all saless efforts like client meetings, writeen or verbal communication for sales promotion should be be dseigned to generate immdeiate sales effect and demand.
• Appropriate Product Selection: The Sales team should be trained thoroughly to educate and enable customesr to choose the best product, meeting all customer requiremenst at best possible prices.The sales personnel should help customers to understand which products are better than others and why.
• Excellent Customer Service: The sales team must attend all customer queries and solve them uprightly with a sincere effort to deliver excllent service and satisfaction. The quality of service should delight the customer and inspire him or her to referr your brand to others.

 Task 2: Commence next year’s sales plan

Following is the email draft as required from the sales manager to the staff:

Dear Team,

Firstly I would like to welcome ll of you on board since I have been recently appointed as your manager!

As you all are aware we have entered into that session of the year where we draft a sales plan and strategy that acts as a guiding path for all of us throughout the year. This plan is intended to constatntly upgrade the performance of the sales department to contribute in the achievement of marketing nad organisational objectives. And ultimately, the plan is aimed to enhance the overall performance of the sales department.

I have been working continously to begin with setting of SMART(specific, mesaeruable, attainable, relevant and timely ) objectives:

• Increase the sale of software estimate from current estimation of 7.5% to 12.5% by the end of year 2016.
• Increase the market share in South East Asia from 20% to 30 % by the end of year 2016
• Increase the number of retail outlets by 20% during 2016 covering vital cities in South East Asia

The purpose of the above listed objectes clearly is to achieve the company’s marketing plan to increase sales and market share and achieve organiztaional growth. I firmly believe that it si through our better and improved performances that organizational growth will accelerate.

I, therefore, desire and invite your active participation to participate in this planning process nad provide each and every input which you feel can help us move towards achievement of the Sales Objectives.

Once we are done with writing our sales plan with your valuable cooperation, we will immensely benfit as explained here. Clarity-because of the plan each of us will have  a clera view of organizational, marketing and sales objective. And, how these objectives are clossely are dependent and linked to each other. Focus on strategy-with the plan before us, every sales personnel will be able to stick to the strategy and avoid interruptions or deviations from the planned course of action. The sales team will be able to make improved and near to accurate guesses regarding sales prospects, factors driving sales nad sales processes.The sales team can easily priortize its work depending on the milestones set basis the sales plan. Last but not the least, the sales plan will forge a proactive attitude.

I also put forward the following points or tactics which we lal need to learn, imbibe and practice religiously for attainment of our objectives.

• Focused Approach towards customer tapping and management.
• Customer empowerment by helping them to select appropriate products.
• High quality and timely customer service
• Effective customer relationship management.

Task assignment

I have put forth all my views and ideas reagrding aour plan of action this year. And I need all of you to come forwrad as a team and furnish your insights on all the baove mentioned points so that we can finalize an effectual Sales plan and strategy.

Thanking you all for your powered performance which has set a strong pace for the company’s growth!

Regards

XYZ

Sales Manager

The Software Corporation.

Task 3: Restructure The Sales Team.

Subject: Action Plan- New Sales Territories

Dear Sir,

With reference to our recent discussion on the revised sales objectives, I have decided to go for establishment of new terrorties so as to proactively progress towards acjhievment of Sales nad Marketing objectives. Below are the key points of the action plan to be adopted for developing and dynamically manging the proposed terroteries.

Achieving 20% increase in number of retail stores both in domestic and international markets through identifying the major cities across selected South East Asian countries, that have experienced sharp rise in the demand for products matching our compnay’s profile.

• Begin the selection of terrotiries through in and out study of demographics and business enviornment factors affecting software sales.
• The major and big cities will be tapped first as these drive demand of both software and hardware due to continous increase in income , increased commercialization, increased use adoption information of technology better living standards in dveloping countries.
• Once the terrotoriesare identified and established, assigning a dedicated sales-force to take further the sales operation nad plans.
• Training of the sales personnel based on different business enviornments to perform effectively and diligently. The sales team will be trained on thorough product knowledge nad unique selling propositions, identyfying customer need and suggesting immediate solution from the vailable product range, customer relationship management etc…
• Assignment of performance milestones to the sales team and establishing a performamnce based reward system to drive increased sales.
• Continous evaluation and review of the perfomance of sales team and terrortory dynamics to understand the improvemnet areas and further course of actions.
• Timely and effective Implementation of all the above steps so as to increase the overall sales, profit margins and overall growth of turnover and market share.

I have hereby tried to be comprehensively present an idea of the sales plan and strategies to adopted throughout the year to accelerate performnace and sales. Plesae let me know if there are any amendments or additions to be made. Your suggestions will stregthen the overall planning and implementation.

Thanks & Regards

XYZ

Sales Manager

The Software Corportaion.

Task 4: Review/develop staff recruitment, induction, training and development activities

1. Sample Job Advertisements-Copies of selected job ads are mentioned in the appendix section. Reasons for selecting these ads are:

• The first two ads tragets the desired candidates, are very pleasing and catchy for a candidateand contain all necessary information in an attractive manner. The last copy is simple and to-thepoint communication which can be alternatively advertised along with the first two ad copies.
• Describes the job concisely and comprehensively.
• Capture’s attention of the reader
• Mentions desired qualifications
• Is simple and has convincing arguments.

1. The Ad designed will be a combination of First and third ad copies. Following are the questions to be asked for candidates walking in for an interview

Ice-breaker- introduction

• Why did you choose sales?
• What are your career aspirations?
• What keeps you motivated in order to get through tough job of sales?
• How strong is your convincing power?
• Convince us on product ‘X’ offered by Software corporation.
• How is your past experience in generating new customers and maintaining the current ones?
• Do you use social media in your selling process?
• What is research methodolgy for identfying prospective customers before approaching them?
• Do you think that some of the prospects can be chalked out of the plan? Why?
• How would you rate yourself on working as a team?
• If we hire you, what would be your action plan for the efirst three months?

2. Induction Program

• Industry Introduction: Giving the new employees an industry overview.
• Company Introduction: Provide complete knowledge of the company.
• Products offered: Current & prospective products and services oferred by the company, and, their features.
• Business, Marketing and Sales objective: Clearly and effectively communicating overall objectives.

The training period and duration can be standard dized. However, some of the new candidates who are new to the industry or are finding it difficult to understand the above mentioned aspects may take longer. In such cases, the manager might take along the newly recruit to client visits or accompany him or her to initial customer visits.Through this step, the manger will also get a chnace to observe the employee. 

Appendix

Advertisements- 3 copies, Source: Retrieved from www.dailyjobboards.com

Advertisement 1 

Advertisement 2 

Advertisement 3

References

1. Washington Business Journal, August 2012, Ian Altman, “How to plan for a successful sales conference or meeting”.
2. Dave Kahle, 2003, “First Steps to Effective Sales Planning”, Excerpted from the book “Take your sales performance Up a Notch”.
3. Wentachee Business Journal, July 2014, Ken Mattson, “A good sales plan helps you hit that pitch out of the park.”
4. Palgrave Journals,Journal of Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, Vol.18, 2011, David Lyus, Beth Rogers,Christopher Simms, “The role of sales and marketing integration in improving strategic responsiveness to market change”
5. Journal of Personal Selling and Management, Sep 2015, Vol.35, Sonke Albers,Kalyan Raman,Nick Lee, “Trends in optimization models of sales force management”
6. Journal of Economics, Finance and Adminstrative Science, Vol. 20, Issue 38, June 2015,Vijay Lakshmi Singh, Ajay K Manrai, Lalita A Manrai, “Sales training: A state of the art and contemporary review”
7. Technology Innovation Managememt Review,October 2011, Ian Gilbert, Stephen Davis, “A Sales Execution Strategy Guide for Technology Startups”, Retrieved from timereview.ca/article491/